Knowledge about COVID-19 between Children and Adolescents with and without High Intellectual Abilities.

Among the characteristics within people with high intellectual abilities, some that stand out are a better handling of information, asynchronous development, high awareness, and sensibility. Therefore, our goal was to learn if, due to these characteristics, the children and adolescents with high intellectual abilities have a better understanding and comprehension about COVID-19 compared to those with average intellectual abilities. A qualitative study was conducted at the beginning of the lockdown with 649 children with and without high intellectual abilities. An online questionnaire was used and three open questions were analyzed with the ALCESTE software. The results showed that both groups had a similar handling of the information regarding COVID-19. Despite this, in the high ability group there is a greater social concern, which coincides with some characteristics associated with a more developed moral conscience. The results are then discussed in terms of the importance of designing actions that allow us to adequately follow the control and intervention strategies, as well as to propose improvements in the communication of relevant information before diverse crises to which the child population may be exposed.

Resiliencia y competencias socioemocionales como factor preventivo de ansiedad en mujeres mexicanas / Resilience and socioemotional competences as a preventive factor of anxiety in Mexican women

INTRODUCCIÓN: Epidemiológicamente son las mujeres un grupo vulnerable ante el desarrollo de sintomatología ansiosa, por lo que es importante identificar factores que puedan prevenir este fenómeno. Las competencias socioemocionales y la resiliencia se consideran elementos relacionados con una menor presencia de problemas de salud mental, debido a que favorecen que el individuo se adapte mejor a los cambios y demandas del ambiente. OBJETIVO: Analizar la interacción entre las competencias socioemocionales, la resiliencia y la sintomatología ansiosa en mujeres mexicanas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La muestra estuvo conformada por 350 mujeres con un rango de edad entre los 18 y los 64 años (X¯= 29.87, DT = 13.01) residentes de la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara (México). Las participantes respondieron el Inventario de ansiedad rasgo-estado, la escala de Resiliencia para adultos, versión para población mexicana y el Inventario de Competencias Socioemocionales validado en castellano. RESULTADOS: Existe una correlación negativa entre los factores de la resiliencia y las competencias socioemocionales con la sintomatología ansiosa; específicamente la competencia personal, el manejo del estrés, la cohesión familiar y la competencia social pueden predecir la ansiedad como estado. CONCLUSIONES: La resiliencia y el manejo del estrés son factores que pueden prevenir la ansiedad en mujeres. Se discuten los resultados y se sugiere las intervenciones encaminadas a fortalecer las habilidades socioemocionales y la resiliencia en poblaciones femeninas

INTRODUCTION: Epidemiologically, women are a vulnerable group when it comes to anxious symptomatology, which is why it is important to identify aspects that can prevent this phenomenon. Socioemotional competences and resilience are considered elements related to a reduced presence of mental health issues, because they help individuals to adapt better to change and environmental demands. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the interaction between socioemotional competences, resilience and anxiety symptoms in Mexican women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 350 women aged 18 to 64 years (X¯=29.87, D.T.=13.01) currently living in the metropolitan area of Guadalajara (México). Participants responded the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Resilience Scale for Adults and the Emotional Quotient Inventory. RESULTS: There is a negative correlation between resilience and socioemotional skills with anxious symtomatology; specifically, personal competence, stress management, family cohesion and social competence appeared as predictors of state anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Resilience and stress management are factors that can reduce anxiety in women. Results are discussed and interventions aimed at strengthening socioemotional skills and resilience in female population are suggested

Parenting practices and markers of mental health in adolescence / Prácticas parentales e indicadores de salud mental en adolescentes

Resumen Este trabajo buscó identificar el valor predictivo de las prácticas parentales percibidas por los hijos, tanto del padre como de la madre, sobre algunos indicadores de ajuste en los adolescentes, específicamente sobre aspectos positivos como la autoestima, la resiliencia y las competencias socioemocionales, también de aspectos negativos, como la ansiedad, la depresión y las conductas disruptivas. Se evaluaron 417 adolescentes mexicanos con la versión para los hijos de la Escala de Prácticas Parentales, el Inventario Bar-On de Cociente Emocional (EQ-i-YV, Escala de Resiliencia para Adolescentes, Escala de Autoestima, Escala de Ansiedad Manifiesta en Niños Revisada, Inventario de Depresión Infantil y Escala de Conducta Disocial. Los resultados indicaron que la variable de control psicológico es un importante predictor de la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, mientras que las prácticas parentales relativas a la comunicación y a la autonomía explicaban la presencia de mejores indicadores de ajuste; así mismo, se encontró un efecto protector del control conductual materno sobre la presencia de conductas disociales. Al final, se discuten los resultados a la luz de la problemática en el contexto.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the predictive value of the parental practices of both parents, perceived by their children over some indicators of adjustment in adolescents. This was explored particularly on positive aspects such as self-esteem, resilience and social and emotional competences, and negative aspects such as anxiety, depression, and disruptive behaviors. Participants were 417 Mexican adolescents and were evaluated with the following measures: Parental Practices Scale, Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory-Youth Version (EQ-i-YV), Resilience Scale for Adolescents, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, Child Depression Inventory and Scale for Dissocial Conduct. Results indicated that the variable of psychological control was an important predictor of anxious and depressive symptomatology. On the other hand, parental practices related to communication and autonomy explained the presence of better indicators of adjustment. In the same way, a protective effect was found on maternal behavior control over the presence of disruptive behaviors. Finally, results are discussed to shed light on the problematic context.